Holes :: essays research papers

Holes is a book about a boy named Stanley Yelnats who is convicted of stealing a famous basketball player’s shoes. His punishment for stealing a basketball player’s shoes is going to detention camp. Stanley believes that this all happened because of an ancient family curse or fate. This is true because both bad luck and fate led to detention camp where he turned his bad luck around once and for all. In the book Holes Stanley Yelnats gets sent to a detention camp because of bad luck. His bad luck was that he was standing under a bridge when a stolen pair of a famous basketball player’s shoes got dropped on his head. He was in the wrong place at the wrong time because of an ancient family curse. The curse put on his family was set because of Stanley’s pig stealing great-great grandfather who disrespected one of the ancestors of Zero, the boy who committed the crime that Stanley was convicted of. Zero, who was also in the camp, told Stanley that his ancestor had told Stanley’s great-great grandfather how to get rid of the family curse but that he never got rid of it. This is the first time that Stanley realized that the curse could be broken. This curse is taken away at the end of the book. Stanley’s fate and bad luck were changed because he did something that his great-great grandfather was supposed to do.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While at detention camp, Stanley is forced dig a hole at extremely specific regulations. Stanley’s holes get dug but not as fast as he’d like them to. Stanley doesn’t know this but the holes are a big part of his fate. The warden says that they dig these holes because it builds character, but the real reason is hidden. The real reason for the digging of the holes is so that the warden can find a legendary treasure. Stanley’s â€Å"hole digging fate† was all changed when he found out that Kate Barlow had buried treasure there.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Stanley’s whole family’s luck was horrible all throughout life because of something his pig stealing great-great grandfather did. This would be a nasty fate to have because everything you ever did would turn out badly because of someone else’s actions.

Online hotel reservation Essay

1. Introduction Currently the World is going to be come in once. The introduction of modern computers since 1940’s changing the way people live, learning their environment and the way they gather information, process, and store data and communicate accurate and timely information in their daily activities.  Therefore without using recently technological products especially computers, it is impossible to think about social, cultural and economically development. So in this century using information and communication technology especially the sophisticated and amusing machine known as computer and modern information handling in any aspect is a question of survival. The group member will try the best way to make the complicated process of Online Yeha Hotel as simple as possible using Structured & Modular technique & Menu oriented interface. The members are going to design the software in such a way that user may not have any difficulty in using this package & further expansion is possible with out much effort. Even though the group members cannot claim that this work to be entirely exhaustive, the main purpose of our exercise is perform each employee’s activity in computerized way rather than manually which is time consuming. 1.2 BACKGROUND OF THE ORGANIZATION Yeha Hotel is one of the business units managed and controlled by BT Digital Business Bridge PLC. It was established in 1993 G.C at Tigray Regional State, Aksum town. The Hotel is a three star hotel located in the outskirts of the city of Aksum on the historic route. 1.3. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Currently the management system of Yeha Hotel is computerized. But, the system is not well developed .It doesn’t include all function like; from where the customer comes, amount of payment for reservation ,what they are doing currently .It the hotel is under several problems that negatively affects the reliability, performance, efficiency and effectiveness of day to day activities. Some of the major problems are:- User cannot reserve things (bed rooms on line) well that they want. The hotel cannot well advertise the service that they give. Users cannot access hotel information. Difficult to insertion& retrieve data faster. Difficult to generate report. Delay of information in collecting & processing of customers’ data. To solve the above problems the group members are going to develop a  computerized system to manage the hotel service effectively and efficiently. 1.4. OBJECTIVE OF THE PROJECT 1.4. 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVE The general objective of this project is to solve the above problems by designing and developing an automated dynamic website that can enhance online in case of Yeha hotel. 1.4.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVE To change the manual file handling system in to advanced method of computerized system To reserve bed rooms and other services online To access the hotel information To solve complicated problems that faced to record the manual system To solve the time, cost and man power needed to job performance To provide efficient service to the new customers To solve data redundancy To keep data security and reliability To need fast data insertion & retrieval 1.5. Methodology 1.5.1. SYSTEM DEVLOPMENT METHODOLOGY The team members use waterfall approach since it provide great opportunity for user to participate in the development process, has extensibility feature. Programming tools HTML (Macromedia Dreamweaver 8) JSP (Net Beans IDE 7.1.1) Microsoft Office Notepad Microsoft windows7 Different browsers (e.g. Mozilla Firefox, Google chrome and internet explorer) HARDWARE USED Computer Digital camera Flash disc 1.5.2. FACT FINDING METHOD During information gathering the group members have used a number of  techniques that helps us to get full information about the system. These techniques are:- 1.5.2.1. OBSERVATION The team members have observed physically by going to the place. Also the team has seen that there was no any well-developed computerized system in the hotel and also information about the hotel and the service that the hotel provides were not available easily. The team also observes that reservation is only by face to face or by using phone. 1.5.2.2. INTERVIEW The other most important method that helps us to get most important and critical information about the general view of the hotel is by interviewing manager of the hotel and receptionist of the hotel. (Example:-how do you work currently? 1.5.2.3. DOCUMENT ANALYSIS The form that is used currently has significant importance in crating easiest way of analyzing the newly developed system. 1.6. SCOPE OF THE PROJECT Yeha hotel gives several services like, generate report, employee payment, making reservation, and give guaranty for the customer property, food order, and employee selection, introduce hotel service, security for the garden, check availability. But for now we only focuses on making reservation, Check availability, and reserved, room information, introduce hotel service and register customer. LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT Due to different reasons like shortage of time, lack of materials (hardware and software), and others, our project do not implement the whole services. These services are: Employee selection Don’t include branch hotels Employee payment 1.8. OUTPUT OF THE PROJECT After finishing the project it will give a lot of advantages for the hotel as well as the customer and the society. Those advantages include the following things:- Well organized documentation for the hotel Well-developed web site 1.9. OUTCOME OF THE PROJECT The outcome of the project can be seen in many directions as: – The society able to get fast and better service Well organized administration Easy to access information from the hotel Introduce the hotel as internationally Avoiding conflict between workers 1.10 PROJECT MANAGEMENT 1.10.1 ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY Our project is feasible because there is no lose of collections of data To reduce number of employee or worker in the system as result it reduces the outcome (money) in the system.

Healthy Choice A Brand Of Conagra Foods, Inc. - 1180 Words

In today’s fast paced life style, quick and convenient has become the norm. Due to our busy lifestyles, gone are the days of families at the dinner table at 6:00 pm. Although people want quick and convenient, there is still a preference for healthy and affordable. With 94% of U.S. households owning at least one microwave low-calorie frozen meals are on the rise (CNSnews.com). Health Freeze is low-calorie, frozen, microwaveable meal company providing single serve and family meals. Our leading competitors are Healthy Choice and Kashi. Healthy Choice a brand of ConAgra Foods, Inc., became a lifestyle of the former CEO after having a heart attack. â€Å"The brand has pioneered a long list of delicious products and continues to innovate new and exciting way to prepare the tastiest, healthiest food in the category† (healthychoice.com). Healthy Choice offers a wide variety including baked, steamed gluten free, whole grain pasta and vegetarian. The single serve meals range from $1.00 - $4.00, frequently offering coupons and special deals. Healthy Choice steaming entrees received the Gold Award for Consumer Packaged Goods in 2011. This award is based on â€Å"Marketplace Innovation, Marketplace Success, Technological Innovation, market Structure Innovation, Societal Impact and Design Innovation† (Financial News). In addition to frozen meals, Kashi, a Kellogg’s brand company, offers, cold and hot cereal, snack bars, and cookies. Kellogg’s is well known in households across the globe.Show MoreRelatedConagra Foods, Inc. Cag ) Research Paper2950 Words   |  12 PagesConAgra Foods, Inc (CAG) Research Paper A Project Report Presented to the Faculty of MidAmerica Nazarene University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters in Business Administration By Dion J. Lewis II Professor Mary Murphy MBA 57 18 February 2014 I. Introduction For the analysis the packaged food company ConAgra Foods, Inc (CAG) was chosen. According to ConAgra 2013 Annual report, ConAgra Foods, Inc. is one of the USA’s leadingRead MorePepsico : Who Are They?1526 Words   |  7 PagesPepsiCo: Who Are They? Introduction Pepsi, Frito-Lay, Quaker, Tropicana, and Gatorade are all well-known brands, but did you know that they are all part of PepsiCo? A framework made up of an astonishing 360 combined years’ worth of production. â€Å"PepsiCo is one of the world’s leading food and beverage companies with over $63 billion in net revenue in 2015 and a global portfolio of diverse and beloved brands† (1). They are known for their strength in diversified product portfolio, dominance in their marketRead MoreKraft Food : A Subsidiary Of Mondelez International Inc.1113 Words   |  5 PagesKraft Food, originally a subsidiary of Mondelez International Inc., has grown initially through acquisitions, including brands such as Boca Burger, Balance Bar, and the family of Nabisco brands. Kraft Foods Group reports its earnings into five categories; grocery, cheese, beverages, refrigerated meals and international foodservice. Each of Kraft’s divisions markets some of North America’s h ighly popular brands in their categories. Kraft Foods Group product portfolio consists of more than 70 majorRead MoreKraft Case Study7611 Words   |  31 Pages1.0 CASE ABSTRACT In January 1995, Kraft General Foods became Kraft Foods, Inc. and was reorganized into a single operating company. Kraft Foods continues to grow and change to meet changing consumer needs, in part by building on its history — the legacy of its well-known brands, the character of its founders and the dedication of its employees. The company has continued to build on the innovative spirit of its past, with new products such as low-fat and fat-free products in a variety of categoriesRead MoreNon Communicable Diseases ( Ncds )1322 Words   |  6 Pagesdisease.† The main causes of NCDs are unhealthy diet and physical inactivity (WHA, 2004). Although there are other significant contributing factors as well like tobacco and alcohol use but unhealthy food and inactivity are relatively more common risks due to increased trends of sedentary lifestyle and junk food consumption. Moreover very less attention has been given in preventing this rapidly penetrating risk factors of unhea lthy diet and lack of exercise in communities. Majority of NCDs are closely relatedRead MoreCase Analysis Frito-Lay4387 Words   |  18 Pages —Sustainable Strategies Consultation for Frito-Lay Inc. 2011 Gillian Hrycko, Goya and Jake Eco-Innovations Consulting Firm 2011/7/18 Executive Summary Frito-Lay is a brand known by almost every consumer in North America. With products being exported to 79 countries around the globe and accounting for almost 62% of the salty snack industry in North America, it is certainly a powerful brand. Yet there are still many issues the company faces, both internally and externallyRead MoreOrganizational Change : Management Approach And Forces For Change1270 Words   |  6 Pageswill introduce the change, make diagnosis and discuss how the change can be implemented. About The Company PepsiCo is a global food and beverage corporation based in United States. Company received its current name in 1965, through the merger of Pepsi-Cola with Frito Lay Inc. PepsiCo makes, markets, sells and distributes more than 40 brands. A range of worldwide famous brand names includes Pepsi, Mountain Dew, Lay’s, Doritos, Quaker, Tropicana, Tostitos, Walkers, Cheetos, Ruffles, Fritos and othersRead MoreMarketing New Product1485 Words   |  6 PagesMarketing New Product Assignment Case 1 Introduction: This case is largely based on Vanessa O Connell, Food for Thought: How Campbell Saw a Breakthrough Menu Turn into Leftovers, the goals we need to reach is to gain the understanding of this company, why they can get the innovation and how they can manage it, also we can learn the experience of this company. The back ground of the company: In 1990, Campbell Soup was the undisputedRead MoreOscar Mayer Case Study5146 Words   |  21 PagesOSCAR MAYER: STRATEGIC MARKETING PLANNING 1. COMPANY PROFILE:- Oscar Mayer Foods Corp. is the maker of one of the most venerable and successful food brands currently available on supermarket shelves. The companys sliced meats and other products are sold across North America and in parts of South America and Asia. Oscar Mayers product line includes a wide range of popular meats, including hot dogs, bacon, and pre-packaged lunch combinations. In the early 1990s, the company also tried its handRead MoreBusiness Strategy for Campbell Soup4427 Words   |  18 Pagesworld’s leading soup maker and a global manufacturer of high-quality foods. There $7 billion portfolio is highly focused in three core areas where there skills, assets and capabilities are second to none: simple meals, heavily anchored in soup; baked snacks, heavily anchored in biscuits and crackers; and healthy beverages, heavily anchored in vegetable-based beverages. Campbell’s portfolio features many market-leading icon brands such as: in simple meals, Campbell’s s oups globally and Liebig and Erasco

Case Study of PG (Marketing Issues) - 913 Words

| Case 5: Pamp;G | | ------------------------------------------------- Company Background Porter and Gamble (Pamp;G), founded in 1837, is one of the biggest consumer goods company over the world. Pamp;G sells shampoos, baby care products, medicine and food etc. It not only diversified the product range but also the product width. Therefore, Pamp;G has several brands under one single category but aimed with different customer segments. Pamp;G is also famous for its innovative and customer-oriented approaches. For example, it designed one kind of shampoo which is suitable for Japanese. With the competitive advantages above, Pamp;G was developing with an appealing growth rate and became one of the top 500 companies†¦show more content†¦In my opinion, as the purchasing power of the bottom of pyramid was low, what they need was purely the basic functions of the products. Therefore, the company must learn the new target customers very well. The company hired many local employees who definitely understand the environment and living styles. Moreover, such strategies could make its promotion going deeper in the markets. Thought the number of audiences of every road show is limited, those who actual attended would get free samples. Then, they would tell their friends or relativities about how useful the products are. The effect of word-of-mouth would occur. ------------------------------------------------- Problems of the marketing strategies Everything has its down side. The marketing strategies Pamp;G used were largely required time and resources. Such high investment was at risk. On the other hand, since Pamp;G had a well-known image of premium class targeted, entering the low-end markets may lead confusion to its existing customers. In other words, there may lead some losses on original area of business. ------------------------------------------------- Recommendations Although in the rural area, residents earned just around $2 a day. Pamp;G should not continue on the same strategy to them. The economy of China is growing with a high rate. Therefore, people living in countryside are expected to earn much more than current situation. The purchasing powerShow MoreRelatedP G Korea - Detergent Division Essay1158 Words   |  5 PagesPG Korea Case Study The main issue of the PG Korea case is centered around the question of market share. PG and Unilever are the two major market shareholders in the Korean detergent industry holding 80-85% of the total market share. The remaining 15-20% of the market is held by low-priced local Korean brands. There are no new markets either company can tap for further market share since most Korean households already use laundry detergent, making the market saturated. Other than peripheralRead MoreSwot Analysis Of Procter Gamble856 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study Analysis Procter Gamble (P G) Proctor and Gamble is an American corporation dealing in consumer products. The company markets its range of goods to different global regions having expanded to new markets over time. Among the consumer products offered by Procter and Gamble include cleaning products, pharmaceuticals, and personal care supplies among other products (Proctor Gamble Company Case Study Analysis, 2016). The corporation prides itself on innovations and collaborations asRead MorePg Japan1454 Words   |  6 Pagesintroduced by Durk Jager, Pamp;G’s new CEO, Paolo de Cesare is transferred to Japan, where he takes over the recently turned-around beauty care business. Within the familiar Max Factor portfolio he inherits is SK-II, a fast-growing, highly profitable skin care product developed in Japan. Priced at over $100 a bottle, this is not a typical Pamp;G product, but its successful introduction in Taiwan and Hong Kong has de Cesare thinking the brand has global potential. As the case closes, he is questioningRead MoreCase Study PG Sk-Ii Product in Japan and East Asia1527 Words   |  7 PagesPamp;G Japan SK-II Case Study Up to 1984, Pamp;G’s Japanese operation was a failure due to the following reasons: 1. Pamp;G did not take the time to determine the local needs based on the culture and common practices amongst the Japanese people. The product development was based on Western markets and it was assumed that it would streamline itself to other areas of the world. An example cited in this case study was the use of tap water for laundry washes without implementing aRead MoreTambrands Overcoming1063 Words   |  5 Pagesabout a buyout and announced a $1.85 billion deal. This deal has put PG back on the market for selling tampons since 1980. This was a positive step because not only does PG get to market this product with feminine hygiene products already being sold, they are a company that has grown drastically with the production of other incontinence products such as diapers. â€Å"Becoming part of PG—a world-class company with global marketing and distribution capabilities—will accelerate the global growth of TampaxRead MoreEssay about PG Case Study916 Words   |  4 PagesIn this case of Procter and Gamble (Pamp;G) and Wal-Mart’s partnership, the main issue seemed to be caused by a third-part company’s collaboration with Wal-Mart which interfered the healthy partnership between Pamp;G and Wal-Mart, also threatened Pamp;G’s leading position in the diaper market. Pamp;G’s diaper brand – Pampers has been the industrial leader in the relevant segment for years. Pamp;G has been developing a long-established partnership with Wal-Mart based on a just-in-time orderingRead MoreCulture Mistakes by Pizza Hut1311 Words   |  6 Pages  Effective Supply Chain Management (Movahedi et al., 2009, defining supply chain management, evolution of supply chain studies Lambert, 2008) mentioned by Cooper et. al., 1997 Enclyclopedia of e-commerce (2009), definition of supply chain management 2007 – Springer; J Oleskow, M Fertsch, P Golinska, data mining as the efficient tool for the effective supply chain integration LIU.,F; study and explore the supply chain base on CRM, 10 Mar 2011   Tseng, D. S., Cox, E., Plane, M. B. and Hla, K. M. (2001)Read MoreFashion Industry Imc Campaign Lisa Brown1114 Words   |  5 PagesINTEGRATED MARKETING COMMUNICATIONS CAMPAIGN PROPOSAL     Integrated Marketing Communications Campaign Overview for Lisa Brown    1   |   P a g e                 Overview As   a   small   boutique   designer   label,   Lisa   Brown   has   limited   resources   to   implement   a   detailed    marketing   plan.   However,   in   such   a   competitive   environment,   it   is   increasingly   importantRead MoreGlobal Market Research Case Study Analysis: Sperry/MacLennan1354 Words   |  6 PagesMarket Research Case Study Analysis: Sperry/MacLennan The Business Dictionary defines opportunity as an â€Å"exploitable set of circumstances with uncertain outcome, requiring commitment of resources and involving exposure to risk† (Opportunity, 2012, para. 1). To grow and prosper, an organization needs to seek continually opportunities to do so; thus the subject of the case study â€Å"Sperry/MacLennan Architects and Planners† (Aaker, Kumar, Day, 2007, pp. 72-75). In this case study, Sperry/MacLennanRead MoreUnit 1 Case Study1731 Words   |  7 PagesHit for Marketing Research? Unit 1 – Case Study – American Idol: A Big Hit for Marketing Research? Comprehensive Critical Thinking Kinjal Mistry California Intercontinental University Dated: 10th July15 Author Note Kinjal R Mistry, California Intercontinental University Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Kinjal R Mistry, 1913 Key St, Maumee OH-43537 Contact Email – kinjalm17@gmail.com Contact Phone – 631-394-7810 Page |2 American Idol: A Big Hit for Marketing Research

The Affordable Healthcare Act ( Aca ) And The Institute Of...

In 2008, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (RWJF) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) began a two-year study initiative to respond, the need to assess and transform the nursing profession.(The-Future-of-Nursing-Leading-Change-Advancing-Health, 2010).An interdisciplinary committee was put together to report the nations issues impacting health care. Recommendations were set forth by the IOM in a way to improve and restructure the nursing profession to fit the future of the medical field. (The-Future-of-Nursing-Leading-Change-Advancing-Health, 2010) The recommendation from the committee starts with an action-oriented blueprint for the future of nursing also to identify matters of medical care, research, education. (AJN, American Journal of Nursing: 2010). The Affordable Healthcare ACT (ACA) of 2010 introduced new changes to United States healthcare system. These changes were the improvement of research and evidence-based practice, health awareness, prevention screenings, and community- based wellness promotion and applied. (Affordable Care Act, 2010) Before the IOM’s action-oriented blueprint nurses came up against barriers that prevented them from being able to the start to make those transformations. Today nurses have the potential to overcome obstacles by leading innovative strategies to transform nursing education, practice, and leadership. (The-Future-of-Nursing-Leading-Change-Advancing-Health, 2010) Transformation: Impact on Education The Institute of MedicineShow MoreRelatedBackground Of Affordable Care Act1344 Words   |  6 PagesDescription of the Issue Background of Affordable Care Act The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), commonly called Obama care, or the Affordable Care Act (ACA), is a United States federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. Together with the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (an amendment to the ACA signed March 30, 2010) it represents the most significant regulatory overhaul of the country’s healthcare system since the passage of MedicareRead MoreThe Impact Of The Affordable Care Act On North Carolina s Uninsured Population1475 Words   |  6 PagesThe Impact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolina’s Uninsured Population The Affordable Care Act (ACA) 2010 is one of the most radical healthcare moves in legislation of United States after Medicare and Medicaid. The main goals of ACA were to decrease the number of uninsured and provide cost-effective high-quality care to all in US. According to Kaiser Family Foundation, the potential plan of ACA was to expand cove rage to 47 million nonelderly uninsured in the nation, which included 1.6 millionRead MoreImpact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolina uninsured1056 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿ Impact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolinas Uninsured Amanda Thomas Walden University Policy and Advocacy for Improving Population Health, NURS 6050N-21 Dr. Allison Davis October 01, 2014 Impact of the Affordable Care Act on North Carolinas Uninsured Health insurance is one of the most important benefits a citizen can have in America. Some Americans who work acquire health insurance through their employers. But then, there are Americas who do not work and thereforeRead MorePatient Protection And Affordable Care Act1513 Words   |  7 PagesPatient Protection and Affordable Care Act—Technology The Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) was put into place following the passage of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act in 2009 and was designed to foster the acceptance and purposeful use of health information technology. With the creation and implementation of a national health care infrastructure related to the electronic health care record system among providers, a revision of the current lawRead MoreAffordable Care Act Impact On Healthcare Practice1020 Words   |  5 PagesAffordable Care Act Impact on Healthcare Practice If I were to assume the role of a political official, I would point out several of the benefits of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and try to convince public opinion that ultimately, it serves their best interests. The ACA impacts patient experiences by focusing more on optimal health outcomes while reducing costs and increasing quality. The ACA influences many components of the healthcare delivery system, some of which areRead MoreAnalysis Of The Affordable Care Act1183 Words   |  5 PagesWhen the Affordable Care Act (ACA) was enacted on March 23rd, 2010, it transformed the lives of people all over the US, in states who expanded. It allowed families to qualify for government programs such as Medicaid, CHIP, and government subsidies, and for young adults to stay on their parent’s insurance until the age of 26. The ACA was a sign of relief and good news for all but two groups, lawful permanent residents and undocumented immigrants. In 2012, DACA recipients under the DREAM Act also becameRead MoreThe Patient Protection And Affordable Care Act Of 20101713 Words   |  7 Pages2015 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 is also referred to as ACA or Obamacare. ACA is a federal statute that was signed by President Barack Obama on March 23, 2010. President Obama worked to make this law a success in order to ensure that Americans receive proper healthcare. The goal of the ACA is to promote quality healthcare and to amplify the accessibility to lower income Americans. The ACA does require most individualsRead MoreProfessional Development of Nursing Professionals1058 Words   |  5 PagesUnited States Government passed into law the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Passage of this act enacted broad sweeping changes across the health care system focusing on expanded coverage, control of health care costs and improvement in the health care delivery system (Kaiser Family Foundation [KFF], 2013). This represents the largest change to the nation’s health care system since 1965 with the creation of Medicare and Medicaid programs (Institute of Medicine of the National Academies [IOM], 2010). AsRead MoreOur Health Care Reform1358 Words   |  5 Pages2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was signed into law. Along with the Health Care and Reconciliation Act that was signed a week later these two bills became known as the Affordable Care Act (ACA) (Tacchino, 2012). This act has had a massive effect on almost everyone in the healthcare in dustry. The cost associated with reimbursement from Medicaid, medical coverage for individuals, and nursing practices has made many changes in the way healthcare is delivered. With these transformationsRead MoreFederal Public Health and The Affordable Care Act and Public Health Reform1734 Words   |  7 Pagesresponsibilities and functions which includes public health research, funding, and oversight of direct healthcare providers. It has been a long time since changes have been made to the way the federal government structures its health care roles and programs outside of Medicare and Medicaid (Trust, 2013). With healthcare reform on the horizon now is the time to invest time and money in prevention, not medicine, making it a top priority to improve health and prevent disease. Funding efforts at all levels

Animal Behavior Essay Example For Students

Animal Behavior Essay Biology lbAbstractAnimal behavior is predictable. Their behavioral tendencies are influenced by the relationship of its anatomy to their environment. By observing various forms of life, and associating the mechanism of their abilities to perform a behavioral action, evolutionary influence thereafter, can be analyzed and deduced from that point. IntroductionThe science and study of animal behavior involve an enormous array of complicated factors. For instance, stereotyped responses are unlearned behavioral reactions to some environmental stimulus predicated upon an organism relationship to its physical environment and anatomy. This obviously begs the question; is the observable behavior such as, the vertical movements demonstrated by brine shrimp (marine plankton experiment) or peristaltic movements showed by earthworms (animal behavioral lab experiment) a form of deliberate taxis or random kinesis? However, to properly be able to address those questions, its far more important to examine the intricate factors involving the complex interactions between the effects of environmental stimuli,(dry air for the earthworm and directional light for the brine shrimp) towards the affected anatomical structure and physiological function of a specific organ system of those particular animal species. Therefore, I hypothesize, that an !ea rthworm will exert random kinetic behavior through peristaltic movement in an arid clinical environment because, its sensory apparatus (respiratory system) will detect a potential life/death situation precipitated by the threat of desiccation; whereas, the brine shrimp will demonstrate deliberate vertical movements of behavioral taxis because, the environmental stimuliof light will be effecting an entirely different sensory apparatus (ocular nervous ) ofwhich, doesnt afford thepotential possibility of impending doom. By that, affording the luxury of stereotypical behavior that can be later linked to environmental fitness. In short, an animals behavior about a particular type of movement ispredicated upon the environmental clues, which directly influence the innate survival mechanisms of a species or itsanatomical configuration with evolutionary fitness. However, inasmuch as some forms of animal behavior can be easily be analyzed by a simple stimulus and response scenario, such as with earthworms and brine shrimp. Others such as the rheotactic behavior of trout (aquarium field trip) and penguin mating habits (zoo field trip) are far more complicated. These particular types of animal behavior involve a wider spectrum of coordinated organ systems. For instance, trouts are migratory fish and posses the additional physical characteristics of using chemorecptors (smell) too located their initial spawning grounds. Because of this evolutionary/genetic characteristic, they must swim against currents to be able to maximize their olfactory senses. Although the sense of smell is apart of the nervous system, the mechanism that coordinates rheotactic behavior is an entirely different nervous component. Trout like other fish use their mechanoreceptors located in their lateral line system to detect the movement and direction of water.!Which solicit s the question, if trouts are rheotactic, then why do they need to intermediately break from the current and swim in a particular pattern? Therefore I hypothesize, which a trouts general rheotactic behavior is predicating upon the coordinated environmental stimulus of an aqueous solute concentration, ofwhich will confirm olfactory distance, and the lateral line thereafter functions to facilitate in the correct direction. Consequentially, rheotactic behavior controlled by the lateral line is dependent upon the chemoreptors of the olfactory senses of a trout. Thus, a trouts intermittent behavior during rheotactic movement is more or less a pause for the benefit of olfactory orientation. Penguins unlike trout, brine shrimp and earthworms are flightless birds. Because of their physical size, they inherently have a larger cerebral capacity. This anatomical characteristic complicates the qualitative analysis of penguin mating behavior tremendously. Largely because, penguins have the physi cal capacity of conscious thought, interactive communication immersed in a sheath of innate unlearned behavior. However, penguins are similar to trout in that, they to are migratory creatures. Thus, penguins like trout integrate a number of different physiological systems for mating behavior. One of which involves the coordinated interaction between their endocrine system and nervous system. Therefore I hypothesize, that male penguins during the mating season are territorially aggressive due to the imbalance of testosterone within their system, and female penguins are passive and somewhat behaviorally more submissive due to the higher amounts of estrogen within their sys!tems. Furthermore, because the endocrine system is such an incredible catalyst for a volatile explosion of metabolic energy, I anticipate that male penguin behavior during mating season will only be overtly exhibited for the purposes of reproductive behavior and territorial defense. To conclude, animals regardless of species are physiologically dependent upon their specific anatomical construction. Certain simple behavioral responses are involuntary due to survival necessity, while others can be influence by environmental stimuli. But no matter, what the stimulus might have been that initiated a particular animals behavior, the overall motor behavioral reaction will be dictated by the specific animals evolutionary genetic configuration. This is the premise for ultimate cause and evolutionary fitness. The purpose of this paper is to substantiate proximate causes (physical mechanisms) that invoke observable and physical behavior in animals, which can be reproduced under isolated clinical condictions. MethodsOn March 5, during the afternoon between 1:00 p.m. thru 2:00 p.m., plankton samples where drawn from the Oakland Estuary. Samples were procured from a dark area and a well-lighted area at the surface level, 2 feet and at 4 feet depth levels with a sweeping motion from left to right. With the use of a lowering line and thermometer equilibrated by keeping it in water for over one minute, temperatures were drawn at the various levels and at the different areas. Also a secci disc ofwhich was attached to a lowering line was used to calculate the various light levels of penetration at both lighted and dark areas. By lowering the secci disc until it was no longer visible, then raising it until it was again visible was the method used to calculate the light penetration. This was done twice. Furthermore, salinity was measured with a refractometer. In addition, brine shrimp was observed at both the San Francisco Exploratorium and Steinhart Aquarium. At the San Francisco Explor!atorium, a light switch changed the direction of the light from superior to inferior lighting. Which displayed the behavioral patterns of brine shrimp. On March 10, a series of animal lab observations was conducted by students to observe the various behavioral patterns of different life organisms. On this particular date, four pairs of animals were tested for their olfactory reactions to acetic acid and vanilla, tactile response to sandpaper, glass and loose soil inside a rectangular pan, light generated by a lighter, and in a dark environment. The pairs of animals chosen for observation were two guinea pigs, two mud shrimps, two earthworms and two garden snails. In addition, a supplemental experiment was conducted later to observe the kinetic behavior of an earthworm by using a rectangular pan with dry sand and damp loose soil at polar extremes overheaded by an intensive heat lamp to generate a thermal atmosphere. On March 3l, a field trip was taken to San Franciscos Steinharts Aquarium. The purpose of the field trip was to make timed and observational recordings of four various animals. Three to be recorded for only 15 minutes, and one at one hour. Ten types of behavioral categories were used to document behavior. They were ingestive, shelter seeking, agonistic, sexual, care giving, care soliciting, eliminative, investigative, allominetic, resting and other. The animals selected for observations were the moral eel, hooker shark, golden trout and Black footed penguins. The animal chosen for an hour observation was the Golden trout On April 4, another field trip was taken for the San Francisco Zoo. The conditions of observation were identical to the San Francisco Steinhart Aquarium field trip. However, the animals chosen for observation were the Magellanic penguins, grizzly bear, Bengal tigers, and Flamingos. Results (brine shrimp/marine plankton experiment)Inasmuch as my hypothesis was based u pon a particular type of plankton, the prejudice of my thought was because, I only associated plankton too crustacean like organisms, such as krill and brine shrimp. However, after the use of a microscope and various slides of different samples from both lighted and dark areas. As well as the three depth levels, numerous diatoms were observed. These are known as phytoplankton or the grass of the sea. The other types of animate plankton are known as zooplankton. The vertical variation of various plankton can be contributed to certain physical factors such as, light and temperature (recorded at Fahrenheit). Apparently, more organisms of various kinds of plankton were recorded in the lighted area. At surface level, the temperature was 52 degrees, four roifers (wheel animals), five barnacle nauplius and a mollusk larva were observed by seven slides. At 2 feet, eight diatoms, a barnacle larva and a polchacte worm was recorded. The t!emperature at the 2-foot level was at 51.9 degrees, and observations were based upon seven slides.At 4 feet, the temperature was at 52 degrees, three rotifers, 11 diatoms, a barnacle nauplius and other not named organisms were in this level. Five slides accumulated for the total amount of creatures at this depth.The light penetration for the lighted area was at 3 feet and 4 inches and the salinity was at 15%. My Memorable High School Years EssayDiscussion (animal behavior lab) From clinical observations, several noticeable behavior seemed reasonable clearly. For instance, when the guinea pigs tasted the acetic acid, I speculate this behavioral reaction is associated to the remote fact that guinea pigs eat roots and various forms of vegetation. Many of which, resemble a more sour taste than sweet, and since acetic acid may smell like vinegar, it characteristically is sour. Thus, is familiar to rodent type creatures. However, other animals such as the earthworm and snail were diametrically reactive to the acetic acid. I speculate that, this behavioral reaction is associated to the fact that acetic acid is an acid. Thus, it posses the characteristic to damage tissue. Therefore, because both the earthworm and snail have such delicate outer surfaces, they must physiologically repel from anything that can damage its exterior tissue. As far as behavioral tendencies toward tactile surfaces, wha t was interesting was that guinea pigs have claws, an!d the earthworms exterior surface is also its respiratory surface. Thus, I speculate that these animals didnt move because, their sensory receptors located at their tactile surfaces communicated to their brains the potential danger of the situation to their surface anatomy. Thus, the proximate cause of the behavior was not to move. However, the most dramatic behavioral observation was with the earthworm. When the earthworm was placed into an arid environment, it would move toward a direction that provided a damp and moist environment. Yet, the proximate cause of this behavior was because, the exterior skin of an earthworm is also its respiratory surface. This is a main component of its breathing apparatus, and although, the earthworm may be accustomed to a moist and damp environment like the underground surface of the earth, it doesnt cognitively prefer the dark protection and security of the soil from the open and exposed surfac e of the lab pan, but instead, its se!nsory receptors are sensing a reduction of cellular respiration due to desiccation, and the immediate motor response is to peristaltically move to a moist and damp environment to resusicate the respiratory surface to a proper medium for adequate breathing and continued survival. In addition, it was speculating that, an earthworm could feel moisture in the air. So to test the kinetic behavioral characteristics of the earthworm, the environmental conditions prohibited this feature by artificially heating up the experimental atmosphere with a heating lamp. Then by initially pointing its head toward the dry hot sand, and finally, by placing a glass barrier in front of the moist soil. From these experiments, I concluded that, an earthworm will move in a random kinetic fashion to find a suitable moist and damp environment for simplicity of survival. Discussion (San Francisco Aquarium field trip)The compounded rheotactic behavior tendency of the Golden trout camouflages to a large extent the paramount purposes of this observable trait. Since swimming against a current requires a substantial amount of greater energy than swimming with the current, there must be some innate purpose for this enormous expenditure of additional energy. Initially, the behavioral action of rheotactic swimming is an independent genetic characteristic. However, ultimate cause is predicated upon two major words. The first word begins innate, and second word is genetic. These two words contribute to the concept of evolutionary fitness. Hence, analytical reasoning had to be applied with this particular behavior. First, given the proposition that, the behavior of swimming against a current was not within itself an enclosed action, then it must be a precipitory action leading to an ultimate purpose. Second, upon close observation, it was noticed that, the trou ts operculum was engaged in !what appeared to be exaggerated ventilation. So I concluded that, the mechanical uptake of water was not exclusively for aquatic respiration, which the action within itself, provided the inflow of greater amounts of water. Now for the third and most speculative point, if the necessity for water uptake was not for the sole benefits of breathing or osmoregulation, then the sublime purpose must be for the benefit of the ingesting whatever must be in the water. By that combining these three points, and through the knowledge that, trouts use their chemoreceptors for the migratory purpose of reproduction, I deductively concluded that the behavioral purpose of swimming upstream against a current was a mechanism for directional navigation using the lateral line system, and the purpose of intermittent pauses with exaggerated respiratory behavior was for the benefit of olfactory orientation. Therefore, the proximate cause of rheotactic behavior involves the coordi nated use of the la!teral line system, respiratory systems and nervous system of smell and cognitive memory. Discussion (San Francisco Zoo field trip)The mating behavior of penguins posses some really interesting socio-behavior facets. For instance, although no eggs were exposing too plain view, it was apparently clear, which penguins share in the responsibilities of incubating their eggs within the nest of their rookery. Another fascinating feature about penguin behavior was that the smaller penguins/young were totally void from anything that resembled the more mature penguin mating behavior. This facet of youth behavior signifies that, these young offspring dont mature into physically reproductive penguins unlike other birds into in a short period of time. In addition, since the behavior of playing is a form of learning, two things immediately standout: (1) That these young penguins lack the immediate ability to fully integrate into an adult penguin society, because the behavior of playing is a characteristic of slower maturing animals. (2) Given that penguins have the ability to use voca l noises to communicate, i!t also means, that they are a more developed species of social animal. As such, requires a greater amount of time to physically and socially mature into the complex matrix of mature penguin life. However, these physiological characteristics signifies that, evolutionary fitness has forced them to physically mature at a slower rate. These physiological phenomena associated to a slower anatomical development are why, I speculate that penguins go through a far more systematically complex development process to prepare for mating than other animals. Therefore, this partially accounts for the ability too fast during mating season, gains a credible amount of body weight, learns how use their ability to communicate and mature as far as, they innately perform behaviorally observable tendencies such as agonistical and territorial behavior. Conclusion For the most part, animal behavior is not a randomly exercised action. Creatures despite size, order in the food chain, anatomical complexity or cognitive capacity all are dependent upon the relationship of their physical structure and how it integrates with their environment. Phytoplankton is mutually dependent upon the environmental conditions of sunlight, and zooplankton are bio-taxis responsively too light based upon the level of their maturity. An earthworms kinetic behavior under environmentally hostile conditions is predictable, because of its physiological survival mechanism.

She Walk in the Beauty free essay sample

The lady’s hair is black because she is referred as raven-haired. (Line -9) 3-What do you think is the meaning of that tender light in line 5? Tender Light meaning moon and stars. 4-What does the speaker believe the womans appearance reveals about her character? The speaker believe that woman’ appearance reveals her character described: peaceful, thoughts and innocent which she expresses in a unique manner. In the twelfth life, it is so clear that she is also described as holy and very calm. The woman is said to be a persuasive speaker with the smile that catches a crowd. Why was nature a logical choice for Byron as something with which to compare a ladys beauty? The nature was a logical choice for Byron because he indubitably had a strong reverence for nature, and by comparing her to the flawless being that nature represents, he is putting her among the likes of godly creations. We will write a custom essay sample on She Walk in the Beauty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 6-Why would it be a logical choice for any comparison by Byron? It would be a logical choice for any comparison by Byron because demonstrates the pure, easily noticeable beauty of the woman just as inner ‘beauty, her thoughts are also as pure and graceful just as her appearance.